"Either He was a raving lunatic of an unusually abominable type, or else He was, and is, precisely what He said". Payable to: Newman Centre, at 3484 Peel Street, Montreal, QC, Canada, H3A 1W8. Chp. The existence of suffering in a world created by a good and almighty God — "the problem of pain" — is a fundamental theological dilemma, and perhaps the most serious objection to the Christian religion. In the book Lewis considers the problem of suffering from a purely theoretical standpoint. In The Problem of Pain, C.S. Reprinted with permission of The Newman Rambler. The small pocket of life that we are familiar with exists in pain—both receiving and inflicting it. In The Problem of Pain, C.S. 1. Yet, the Oxford establishment was slow to catch up with the fame of the author of "that Christian stuff", and, in 1954, Lewis accepted a Chair of Medieval and Renaissance Literature at Cambridge, where he worked until his death on 22nd November 1963. Still, at the age of four he properly discerned that people had names and declared he would rather be called 'Jack'. He just may have been created good. Reviews There are no reviews yet. The Problem of Pain by C.S. An answer to this critical theological problem is found within these pages. About the Author, C. S. Lewis was one of the most influential writers of Christian literature in the 20th Century. Tolkien. Lewis puts his wages on a God who holds goodness and pain in a paradox. View all » Common terms and phrases. 11. The Problem of Suffering: A Father’s Hope, by Gregory P. Schulz. A variety of arguments have been offered in response to the problem of evil, and some of them have been used in both theodicies and defenses. Storyline: Why must humanity suffer? "God will look to every soul like its first love because He is its first love". No, there is a greater purpose. 5,429 Views . "1 The conversion experience helped him understand not only religious indifference but also obstinacy in disbelief. Be the first one to write a review. C. S. Lewis had both. C.S. And no wonder; for the powerful biblical narrative that once fertilized the imagination — and thus appealed to the entire man, not only to his intellect — no longer operates on that level: an abstract truth may feed a theologian; a man in the street will starve. Lewis examines the perennial problem of suffering in the world. Table of Contents, Preface [] This is not a heavenly law which we can escape by remaining earthly, nor an earthly law which we can escape by being saved. And every soul is unique: "Your place in heaven will seem to be made for you alone, because you were made for it." When the Numinous Power is identified with the moral lawgiver, the third stage in religious development has been reached. C.S. Good and evil. To talk to the modern man, Lewis insists, "Christianity now has to preach the diagnosis — in itself a very bad news — before it can win the hearing for the cure." The universe is vast but barely inhabited. 1898-1963 (Photo by Hulton Deutsch Collection/John Chillingworth) The awareness of a distinction between Love and Kindness and the recognition of what it means to be the object of God's love make it easier to comprehend why Love is not incompatible with suffering. But in doing such evil he is used by God, without his knowledge or consent, to produce the complex good — so that the first man serves God as a son, and the second as a tool. [] If God were a Kantian, who would not have us till we came to Him from the purest and best motives, who could be saved?" Become a member The Big Idea: A. This is perhaps where pain, when it afflicts "honest and decent people", seems most cruel and undeserved. Sign In, High Quality, Excellent Content,Great community, Copyright © Books At a Glance | P.O. Master Christian apologist C.S. In 1961, Lewis wrote about pain again, this time about his own. A good God wants to make people happy. Thus, the universe as we know it might as well be a product of a wise and omnipotent Creator; it remains to be shown "how, perceiving a suffering world, and being assured, on quite different grounds, that God is good, we are to conceive that goodness and that suffering without a contradiction". C. S. Lewis writes, “Christianity is not the conclusion of a philosophical debate on the origins of the uni- verse. Some things, however. Likewise, the identification of the Numinous with the Moral, "when the Numinous Power to which [men] feel awe is made the guardian of the morality to which they feel obligation" — a choice made by the Jews — must be viewed as utterly "unnatural" and very much unlike mere wish fulfillment, for "we desire nothing less than to see that Law whose naked authority is already insupportable armed with the incalculable claims of the Numinous". The main argument of The Problem of Pain is preceded by a presentation of an atheist objection to the existence of God based on the observable futility of the universe. Lewis, one of the most renowned Christian authors and thinkers, examines a universally applicable question within the human condition: “If God is good and all-powerful, why does he allow his creatures to suffer pain?”With his signature wealth of compassion and insight, C.S. "4 With a characteristic conciseness and clarity Lewis sets the stage for the entire book in the first paragraph of Chapter 2. Whatever it takes to speculate on pain, it takes a lot more, it seems, to live it. There is Pain on the earth 1. The existence of suffering in a world created by a good and almighty God — "the problem of pain" — is a fundamental theological dilemma and perhaps the most serious objection to the Christian religion. C.S. Chapter 4 Human Wickedness Thus, the ordinary function of pain within the tribulation system is to make a creature's submission to the will of God easier. C.S. Lewis begins by summarizing the atheist argument from evil, telling all the suffering that exists in the world. Many of the lines of argumentation that Lewis uses in this book have been widely used by contemporary apologists. He then considers in some detail the symptoms of man's wretchedness and brings us, step by step, to an inescapable conclusion: "We are, at present, creatures whose character must be, in some respects, a horror to God, as it is, when we really see it, a horror to ourselves." Summary of The Problem of Pain by C. S. Lewis Macmillan paperbacks ed., 1962, summary by Erik Johnson (erikjohnson1@comcast.net) “I know I must become, in the eyes off every hostile reader, as it were, personally responsible for all the sufferings I try to explain” (page 96). Lewis asserts that pain is a problem because our finite, human minds selfishly believe that pain-free lives would prove that God loves us. At this point in the argument, pain, no longer incompatible with God's Goodness and Omnipotence, becomes to be seen as God's way of accommodating the freedom of a rebel creature. Summary: "How human suffering raises almost intolerable intellectual problems." Yet, this is precisely what cannot be held about him: sooner a lunatic or a deceiver than a mere good man — or else God himself. Ever aware of modern sensibilities, Lewis reclothes the abstraction; he gives the imagination the food it has been craving for; he restores drama, greatness and amazement;7 and, horror of horrors, he makes it all seem so dangerously plausible. to continue reading. He considers two modern developments that contributed to the rise of a belief in the original innocence: the reduction of all virtues to kindness ("nothing except kindness is really good"), and the effect of psychoanalysis on the public mind ("shame is dangerous and must be done away with"). The only difference here is there are no section headings in the book so I make them up. HarperOne Reading and Discussion Guide for The Problem of Pain For more reading and discussion guides like this one, visit www.smallgroupguides.com. Christianity is not a philosophical system that was derived from natural theology, but its existence is a fact of history that interprets other facts, and which itself must be explained. These are the sources and citations used to research The Problem of Pain. 8 moralism. In philosophy, the “problem of evil” refers to the question of why an omnipotent and omnibenevolent God would allow evil to co-exist with His creation. Lewis was a Christian academic, theologian, essayist, and fiction writer who is considered one of history's greatest apologists. "You asked for a loving God: you have one. Chapter 2 Thus, where God means Love, we only mean Kindness, "the desire to see others than self happy; not happy in this way or in that, but just happy". A review and summary of The Problem of Pain by C. S. Lewis (San Francisco: HarperSanFrancisco, 2001.) Lewis’ writings range from technical academic works (his works on medieval English literature are still considered magisterial), to popular apologetics, to children’s literature, and more. The problem of pain exists because of the belief in God. Lewis. Lewis wrote The Problem of Pain during the first autumn and winter of WWII. This was done by the Jews, who identified the awesome God they feared with the lawgiver, the righteous Lord. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 2011. In Christianity, a historical component is added: an extraordinary man walking about in Palestine, claiming to be "one with" the Numinous and the Moral. The two texts compliment one another by identifying parts of our struggle, the intellectual and physical difficulty life will bring, and … His... Introduction. Thus, the function of pain, on the lowest level, is to shatter the illusion that "all is well", to plant "the flag of truth within the fortress of a rebel soul". 4: Human Wickedness OUR TENDENCY TO REJECT THE NOTION OF SIN The Problem of Pain, the first of a series of popular works on Christian doctrine, was written in 1940, twenty years before his beloved wife, Joy Davidman, died of cancer in the third year of their short-lived marriage. C' S. Lewis "'the Problem of Pain" Chapter 3 "Divine Goodness" A summary 3. The Problem of Pain, C. S. Lewis. . Divine Omnipotence. Lewis Starts with his former atheistic stance and paints in broad strokes the problem of pain. On a higher level, pain shatters yet another illusion: that we are self-sufficient; that all we have is our own doing. But Lewis calls it a sign of "divine humility": it is "a poor thing to come to [God] as a last resort, to offer up 'our own' when it is no longer worth keeping. When a person has a sense of the numinous, they are either experiencing a glitch in their mind that has no purpose, or they are experiencing the presence of the supernatural—they are receiving revelation. The Problem of Pain Clive Staples Lewis Snippet view - 1959. What is outside the system of self-giving is not earth, nor nature, nor 'ordinary life', but simply and solely hell". Rating: (not yet rated) 0 with reviews - Be the first. Young Clive Staples was gifted with a lucid mind, a fact not fully manifest until his adult years. 4 Compact Discs / 4 1/2 Hours. Chapter Nine – Animal Pain The Christian explanation of human pain cannot be extended to animal pain. Unfortunately, there is nothing anyone can say if the words used here have their common meanings. Can he do whatever he pleases? On a popular level, omnipotence is usually understood as God’s ability to do absolutely anything. Focusing his analysis on the meaning of the terms 'savage' and 'brute', he shows that the popular notion of a 'savage' needs correction: "The prehistoric men who made the worst pottery might have made the best poetry and we should never know it". Author : C. S. Lewis; Genres : Christian; Series : Published : 1940; Views : 5296; List Chapter Read free. Summary Here I discuss some theistic responses to the evil of animal pain and suffering with special attention to Michael Murray's presentation in Nature Red in Tooth and Claw. The Problem of Pain focuses on one question, but thoroughly argues on every aspect. Lewis. Thus, "either there is no spirit behind the universe, or else a spirit indifferent to good and evil, or else an evil spirit". He states in the first chapter that if this was a world without good and evil, then how did we arrive at this “problem of pain?” in the first place? … I think that insight should be permanent in each man’s mind: but whether the painful emotions that attend it should also be encouraged . To subscribe, please send your name, mailing address, and a $10 donation. The Problem of Pain by C.S. In a letter to his brother Warnie, written while working on the book, he claimed: "If you are writing a book about pain and then you get some actual pain [] it does not either, as the cynic would expect, blow the doctrine to bits, nor, as a Christian would hope, turn into practice, but remains quite unconnected and irrelevant, just as any other bit of actual life does when you are reading or writing. In this novel, the writer argues that human pain, animal pain, and hell are not sufficient reasons to reject belief in a good and powerful God. Nowhere is it truer than in the problem of pain. He looks at both human suffering and animal suffering. The pattern of self-giving is the essence of heaven, as it is, the very core of reality: "For in self-giving, if anywhere, we touch a rhythm [] of all being. How do our free will and our fall from God’s presence frame the problem of pain and God’s need for justice? For Lewis, this divine design is a "tribulation system", and he explains how pain operates within it. Lewis' theodicy, The Problem of Pain, he defends God's goodness in the context of the world's evil. The doctrine of the Fall asserts that the evil which thus makes the fuel or raw material of the second and more complex kind of good is not God's contribution but man's". The Problem of Pain was published in 1940. In this work, Lewis starts off with an empathetic understanding that the problem of pain is a difficult one and not something to write off flippantly. Years later, struck with a daunting grief of a mourning husband he will write another classic on pain, a masterpiece of introspection: A Grief Observed. This was either a mistake, or revelation. The Problem of Pain “The emotion of shame has been valued not as an emotion but because of the insight to which it leads. A review and summary of The Problem of Pain by C. S. Lewis (San Francisco: HarperSanFrancisco, 2001.) Suffering -- Religious aspects -- Christianity. In the natural world creatures prey upon one another 2. When feeling disguises itself as thought, all nonsense is possible. God's idea of goodness is almost certainly unlike ours; yet, God's moral judgment must differ from ours "not as white from black but as a perfect circle from a child's first attempt to draw a wheel" — or we could mean nothing by calling him good. The slightly longer version: The classic “problem of evil” is usually stated: “‘If God were good, He would wish to … In Shadowlands, movie audiences around the world watch a refined, upper-middle aged Oxford fellow theorize on pain, fall in late love with a witty, slightly annoying American divorcee with two children, and go through the agony of grief after her death. (Let us note in passing how much this confusion between Love and Kindness is akin to our modern thinking: it sheds light on many present controversies, from assisted suicide to abortion to contraception.) When man acts in this way he becomes a co-creator with God: "Human will becomes truly creative and truly our own when it is wholly God's, and this is one of the many senses in which he that loses his soul shall find it.". You need not guess for I will tell you; I am a great coward." And at once we perceive a contradiction. The Problem of Pain: Chapter 7 - Human Pain continued For anyone new here, I am doing a series of "book club" posts going through "The Problem of Pain" by CS Lewis. This book is often considered to be his first major work of Christian non-fiction. Lewis begins by summarizing the atheist argu Lewis makes us desire heaven; he even claims that, in our heart of hearts, we have never desired anything else. For a Christian analysis of suffering as mystery, see Peter Kreeft: Unreferenced quotations are from C. S. Lewis: For a systematic development of Lewis's argument see Peter Kreeft: For a dramatization of the narrative of the Fall and an insight into the psyche of the unfallen creature see C. S. Lewis's novel. He starts with God Almighty. Chapter 5 The Fall of Man In heaven, unique souls reflect for one another some aspect of Divinity, which each was made to contemplate. In this book, his views and intentions are obvious: he wants to address a common objection to the Christian faith and evaluate its tenability. Chapter 9 Animal Pain The main characters of this christian, non fiction story are , . "3 Lewis does not propose to penetrate the mystery. "8 Neither the confession nor the claim stood the test of time. In this elegant and thoughtful work, C. S. Lewis questions the pain and suffering that occur everyday and how this contrasts with the notion of a God that is both omnipotent and good. The Problem of Pain. In this elegant and thoughtful work, C. S. Lewis questions the pain and suffering that occur everyday and how this contrasts with the notion of a God that is both omnipotent and good. CD Audiobook: The Problem of Pain. Lewis is aware of his reader's disposition; from the outset, he insists that "science has nothing to say for or against the doctrine of the Fall". The Problem of Pain Study Guide breaks down each chapter into easy-to-understand questions and commentary to help you find meaning and hope amid the pain. This aspect of God's love for man is greatly illuminated by the use of parallels from the Scripture. But the creatures are not happy. But people aren’t happy; so, God is either weak or bad. (p. 132) The problem of animal suffering can’t be the center of the problem of pain because it is outside the range of our knowledge. First, there is the sense of the numinous. "We may rest contentedly in our sins and in our stupidities", but "pain insists on being attended to"; and, if Lewis was writing today he might add: "it cannot be deconstructed". The reader is overwhelmed with the seducing beauty and grandeur of Lewis's imagery, as he develops the four scriptural analogies to explain the relation between the Creator and his creature: love of an artist for his artifact, love of a man for a beast, a father's love for a son, and a man's love for a woman. This means that the moral code that people feel bound to obey is one that they feel they have broken. This sense is widespread through the human race, it has persisted through history, and contemporary technology and science is not eradicating it. Lewis has the odd magic of writing on a level that doesn’t feel scholarly, yet is unmistakable theological and complicated. The first edition of the novel was published in 1940, and was written by C.S. Summary and Conclusions: The Problem of Evil and Pain References An Introduction to the Philosophy of Religion, Third Edition, Brian Davies, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2004. Jacek Bacz. On the highest level, pain, through trials and sacrifices, teaches true self-sufficiency: to rely on God, to act out of heavenly strength, out of a purely supernatural motive. Yes, except the intrinsically impossible. There is a paradox about tribulation in Christianity. Then, at the age of 31, as he explains in his autobiography, he converted to Christianity: "In the Trinity Term of 1929 I gave in, and admitted that God was God, and knelt and prayed; that night a most dejected and reluctant convert in all England. C.S. For you will certainly carry out God's purpose, however you act, but it makes a difference to you whether you serve like Judas or like John". A Summary by Marcus Mauldin Preface Lewis begins thus: Because pain is something I don’t easily endure myself, I originally asked to write this book without revealing my name, for fear of ridicule. Free download or read online The Problem of Pain pdf (ePUB) book. For more information see www.byreasonalone.com. Chapter 10 Heaven Chapter 5 addresses the fall of creation (pp. The Problem of Pain, The Abolition of Man, Miracles, Mere Christianity, The Screwtape Letters, The Great Divorce — written in the "spare time" between his Oxford tutorials — fully engage modernity and, for that reason, strike a cord with all those who share modernist assumptions (that is, with almost everybody). tHe PrObLem OF Pain 2 and on the irrational creatures. Lewis: The Problem of Pain." "Kindness, he says, is a quality fatally easy to attribute to ourselves on quite inadequate grounds", for we can feel comfortably benevolent towards fellow men, as long as their good does not conflict with ours. A Christian reflection on pain must end with a vision of heaven, the true end and home of humanity. and though logic does not compel us to take it, it is very hard to resist — even on Paganism and Pantheism morality is al- ways breaking in, and even Stoicism finds itself willynilly bowing the knee to God. "The world is a dance in which good, descending from God, is disturbed by evil arising from the creatures, and the resulting conflict is resolved by God's own assumption of the suffering nature which evil produces. Chapter 8 Hell The neo‐Cartesian defenses he describes are reviewed, along with the appeal to nomic regularity and Murray's emphasis on the progression of the universe from chaos to order. Known to his readers as a philosopher, a Christian apologist, a science fiction writer, an author of children's stories and a literary critic, C. S. Lewis has also been introduced to the general public as a romantic sufferer. Lewis here tackles the strongest objection to God there is: evil. [] A merciful man aims at his neighbour's good as so does 'God's' will, consciously co-operating with 'the simple good'. Like our numinous experiences, our experience of the moral law is either an illusion or a revelation. Chapter 2 Divine Omnipotence Lewis, one of the most renowned Christian authors and thinkers, examines a universally applicable question within the human condition: “If God is good and all-powerful, why does he allow his creatures to suffer pain?”With his signature wealth of compassion and insight, C.S. An essay by Dr. John Oakes on the apologetic issue of Pain … Book Review. Inspired by the faith, armed with Kirkpatrick's logic and his own natural lucidity, Lewis went public with his Christianity, producing a series of masterpieces in Christian apologetics, remarkable in that normal people can understand them. We have seen that in a stable and meaningful universe a possibility of pain is inherent; and in a universe of creatures, inclined, by virtue of their fallen nature, to move away from God, evil becomes, so to speak, endemic. Instead, this little book is more of a travelogue of pain, loss, struggles with the actions of God, and undying hope in his promises. The biblical story says that God’s creation is good, and that God created humans as good creatures with free-dom of choice. The format I post in is similar to my bible posts, section headings in bold, summary in regular text, my comments in italics. Free download or read online The Problem of Pain pdf (ePUB) book. The Problem of Pain and Suffering (Entire Essay) Posted on January 20, 2011 by John Oakes wrote in Pain and Suffering , Philosophy , World View . Scientific controversy out of the way, Lewis now gives his account of Creation and Fall; and an unsuspecting reader, who doubtless does not read St.  Augustine, may be taken off-guard. The "experience of the Numinous", a special kind of fear which excites awe, exemplified by, but not limited to, fear of the dead, yet going beyond mere dread or danger, is the first source; the other is the moral experience; and both "cannot be the result of inference from the visible universe" for nothing in the visible universe suggests them. In this elegant and thoughtful work, C. S. Lewis questions the pain and suffering that occur everyday and how this contrasts with the notion of a God that is both omnipotent and good. "The possibility of solving [the problem] depends on showing that the terms 'good' and 'almighty', and perhaps also the term 'happy', are equivocal: for it must be admitted from the outset that if the popular meanings attached to these words are the best, or the only possible, meaning, then the argument is unanswerable". He then takes a turn and asks how, if the world is so bad, did humans ever attribute it to a benevolent deity. The Problem of Pain: Chapter 8 - Hell For anyone new here, I am doing a series of "book club" posts going through " The Problem of Pain " by CS Lewis. Many regard Jesus as a holy man, a wise teacher: a thoroughly good man. The book was published in multiple languages including English, consists of 176 pages and is available in Paperback format. Some religions have the luxury of explaining pain as something deserved - a result of bad behavior from a previous life, or perhaps pain and suffering are caused by a malevolent deity in opposition to a good and loving God. "The possibility of solving [the problem] depends on showing that the terms 'good' and 'almighty', and perhaps also the term 'happy', are equivocal: for it must be admitted from the outset that if the popular meanings attached to these words are the best, or the only possible, meaning, then the argument is unanswerable". "If God were good, He would make His creatures perfectly happy, and if He were almighty He would be able to do what he wished. No, there is a greater purpose. Lewis's solution to "the problem of pain" prepares the intellect for a dive into the Mystery. Before doing so, however, he sets the stage, providing background information on what he perceives to be the origins of religion. Why would they do that, if the world is so bad? God is our only good. dc.title: The Problem Of Pain dc.type: ptiff dc.type: pdf. Lewis sought to provide an answer to the intellectual problem of evil. the problem of pain? If we will not learn to eat the only food that the universe grows — the only food that any possible universe ever can grow — then we must starve eternally.". The second factor is our knowledge of the moral law. We want "not so much a Father but a grandfather in heaven", a God "who said of anything we happened to like doing, 'What does it matter so long as they are contented?'" “Mental pain is less dramatic than physical pain, but it is more common and also more hard to bear. A cruel man oppresses his neighbour and so does simple evil. Thus, the ordinary function of pain within the tribulation system is to make a creature's submission to the will of God easier. And it takes C. S. Lewis to write competently on both. Chapter Nine – Animal Pain The Christian explanation of human pain cannot be extended to animal pain. 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