The World Health Organization (WHO) has questioned the use of breast milk substitutes in poor families, particularly in areas where clean water is not available, because it may increase the risk of infant death. Professor, Department of Sociology and Criminal Justice, Kennesaw State University. African American babies are nearly two and a half times more likely to die before their first birthday than are white babies. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Privacy & Trust Info Infant mortality rate: The number of children dying at less than 1 year of age, divided by the number of live births that year. The loss of large quantities of fluids and salts from the body can quickly kill an infant. the numberof deathsfrom a particularcauseor during a particularperiodof timeamong a particulargroupof people: Most sourcesclaimthat the mortalityrateof the virusis around 2–4%. infant mortality rate definition, meaning, English dictionary, synonym, see also 'infant prodigy',infant school',sudden infant death syndrome',sudden infant death syndrome', Reverso dictionary, English definition, English vocabulary Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. That practice led to malnutrition, starvation, or digestive infections in the frequent cases in which the diluting water was not clean. dying under one year of age divided by the number of resident live births for the same geographic area (for a specified time period, usually a calendar year) and multiplied by 1,000. High infant mortality rates are generally indicative of unmet human health needs in sanitation, medical care, nutrition, and education. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. The United States may be regarded as having several infant mortality rates: one for the white population, one for the Asian population, one for Native Americans, and another for African Americans. En savoir plus. “Inauguration” vs. “Swearing In”: What’s The Difference? What does infant mortality mean? Definition: Infant mortality rate, female is the number of female infants dying before reaching one year of age, per 1,000 female live births in a given year. Premature infants (born at less than 37 weeks gestation) have a higher risk of death not only because of low birth weight but also because their respiratory and digestive systems are not fully mature. Source: Estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA Population Division) at www.childmortality.org. The ratio of the number of deaths in the first year of life to the number of live births occurring in the same population during the same period of time. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Some of the international variation in infant mortality rates is due to variations among countries in registering practices for premature infants. Communities can play an important part in this campaign by encouraging women to seek prenatal care in the first trimester of pregnancy and by making care available. High-frequency births allow less recovery time for mothers and entail potential food shortages in poor families. The infant mortality rate is an age-specific ratio used by epidemiologists, demographers, physicians, and social scientists to better understand the extent and causes of infant deaths. 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